biologically coffee
15 Oct 2009 Leave a Comment
in coffee hoLic
The Coffea plant is native to subtropical Africa and southern Asia.[23] It belongs to a genus of ten species of flowering plants of the family Rubiaceae. It is an evergreen shrub or small tree that may grow 5 meters tall when unpruned. The leaves are dark green and glossy, usually 100–150 millimeters long and 60 millimeters wide. It produces clusters of fragrant white flowers that bloom simultaneously. The fruit berry is oval, about 15 millimeters long,[24] and green when immature, but ripens to yellow, then crimson, becoming black on drying. Each berry usually contains two seeds, but 5–10% of the berries[25] have only one; these are called peaberries.[26] Berries ripen in seven to nine months.
etymology of coffee
15 Oct 2009 Leave a Comment
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Coffee is a brewed beverage prepared from roasted seeds, commonly called coffee beans, of the coffee plant. They are seeds of “coffee cherries” that grow on trees in over 70 countries. It has been said that green coffee is the second most traded commodity in the world behind crude oil.[1] Due to its caffeine content, coffee can have a stimulating effect in humans. Today, coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide.[2]
It is thought that the energizing effect of the coffee bean plant was first recognized in the south west of Ethiopia, and the cultivation of coffee expanded in the Arab world.[3] The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking appears in the middle of the fifteenth century, in the Sufi monasteries of the Yemen in southern Arabia.[3] From the Muslim world, coffee spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe, to Indonesia, and to the Americas.[4]
Coffee berries, which contain the coffee bean, are produced by several species of small evergreen bush of the genus Coffea. The two most commonly grown species are Coffea canephora (also known as Coffea robusta) and Coffea arabica; less popular species are liberica, excelsa, stenophylla, mauritiana, racemosa. These are cultivated primarily in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Africa. Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. The seeds are then roasted, undergoing several physical and chemical changes. They are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavour. They are then ground and brewed to create coffee. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways.
Coffee has played an important role in many societies throughout history. In Africa and Yemen, it was used in religious ceremonies. As a result, the Ethiopian Church banned its secular consumption until the reign of Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia.[5] It was banned in Ottoman Turkey in the 17th century for political reasons,[6] and was associated with rebellious political activities in Europe.
Coffee is an important export commodity. In 2004, coffee was the top agricultural export for 12 countries,and in 2005, it was the world’s seventh-largest legal agricultural export by value.
Some controversy is associated with coffee cultivation and its impact on the environment. Many studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and certain medical conditions; whether the overall effects of coffee are positive or negative is still disputed.
the coffee history
15 Oct 2009 Leave a Comment
in coffee hoLic
Sejarah kopi dapat ditelusuri jejaknya dari sekitar abad ke-9, di dataran tinggi Ethiopia. Dari sana lalu menyebar ke Mesir dan Yaman, dan kemudian pada abad limabelas menjangkau lebih luas ke Persia, Mesir, Turki dan Afrika utara.
Pada awalnya kopi kurang begitu diterima oleh sebagian orang. Pada tahun 1511, karena efek rangsangan yang ditimbulkan, dilarang penggunaannya oleh para imam konservatif dan othodoks di majelis keagamaan di Makkah. Akan tetapi karena popularitas minuman ini, maka larangan tersebut pada tahun 1524 dihilangkan atas perintah Sultan Selim I dari Kesultanan Utsmaniyah Turki. Di Kairo, Mesir, larangan yang serupa juga disahkan pada tahun 1532, di mana kedai kopi dan gudang kopi ditutup.
Dari dunia Muslim, kopi menyebar ke Eropa, di mana minuman ini menjadi populer selama abad ke-17. Orang Belanda adalah yang pertama kali mengimpor kopi dalam skala besar ke Eropa, dan pada suatu waktu menyelundupkan bijinya pada tahun 1690, karena tanaman atau biji mentahnya tidak diijinkan keluar kawasan Arab. Ini kemudian berlanjut pada penanaman kopi di Jawa oleh orang Belanda.
Ketika kopi mencapai kawasan koloni Amerika, pada awalnya tidak sesukses di Eropa, karena dianggap kurang bisa menggantikan alkohol. Akan tetapi, selama Perang Revolusi, permintaan terhadap kopi meningkat cukup tinggi, sampai para penyalur harus membuka persediaan cadangan dan menaikkan harganya secara dramatis; sebagian hal ini karena didasari oleh menurunnya pesediaan teh oleh para pedagang Inggris. Minat orang Amerika terhadap kopi bertumbuh pada awal abad ke-19, menyusul terjadinya perang pada tahun 1812, di mana akses impor teh terputus sementara, dan juga karena meningkatnya teknologi pembuatan minuman, maka posisi kopi sebagai komoditas sehari-hari di Amerika menguat.
Jenis biji kopi
Ada dua spesies dari tanaman kopi; Arabika adalah kopi tradisional, dan dianggap paling enak rasanya, Robusta memiliki kafein yang lebih tinggi dapat dikembangakan dalam lingkungan di mana Arabika tidak akan tumbuh, dan membuatnya menjadi pengganti Arabika yang murah. Robusta biasanya tidak dinikmati sendiri, dikarenakan rasanya yang pahit dan asam. Robusta kualitas tinggi biasanya digunakan dalam beberapa campuran espresso.
Kopi Arabika biasanya dinamakan oleh dermaga di mana mereka diekspor, dua yang tertua adalah Mocha dan Jawa. Perdagangan kopi modern lebih spesifik tentang dari mana asal mereka, melabelkan kopi atas dasar negara, wilayah, dan kadangkala ladang pembuatnya.
Satu jenis kopi yang tidak biasa dan sangat mahal harganya adalah sejenis robusta di Indonesia yang dinamakan kopi luwak. Kopi ini dikumpulkan dari kotoran luwak, yang proses pencernaanya memberikan rasa yang unik.
source. http://www.facebook.com/notes.php?id=120973548555
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coffee
15 Oct 2009 1 Comment
in coffee hoLic
this is special page i made…the coffee hoLic. why coffee? because i am a coffee drunker.
this will talking about coffee just coffee.
i drink coffee since i was about 13. i see my dad enjoying his coffee every morning and asked him why does he drink that black liquid every morning. he said “because i am a man, so i drink coffee” i hope that is a serious answer.
mom added “he drinks coffee because he addicted to it”.
grandma said “coffee is like tea for me”
my boyfriend said “coffee is the only beverages you may chose while you were hanging out with your friend,,instead of strawberry juice”
and i think, coffee is another energy when i drop. and, why coffee can be effective so much, can we just figure this out??sure we will. its like my small research.
and what coffee is…how can we say its good or bad coffee?lets figure it out together.
